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Related Experiment Videos

Artificial sweeteners and human bladder cancer

G R Howe, J D Burch, A B Miller

    Lancet (London, England)
    |September 17, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Artificial sweetener use, especially saccharin, is linked to increased bladder cancer risk in males. This association was significant, with higher risk correlating to increased duration and frequency of use.

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    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Toxicology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Artificial sweeteners are widely consumed as sugar substitutes.
    • Concerns exist regarding potential health risks associated with their use.
    • Previous studies have yielded conflicting results on sweetener-cancer associations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between artificial sweetener consumption and the risk of bladder cancer.
    • To examine dose-response relationships for sweetener use.
    • To assess the population attributable risk of bladder cancer due to artificial sweeteners.

    Main Methods:

    • A case-control study was conducted with 480 male and 152 female participants across three Canadian provinces.
    • Data on artificial sweetener use (saccharin specifically) including duration and frequency were collected.

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  • Statistical analyses, including risk ratio calculations and dose-response assessments, were performed.

    • Main Results:

    • A positive association was observed between artificial sweetener use, particularly saccharin, and bladder cancer risk in males (Risk Ratio = 1.6).
    • Significant dose-response relationships were found for both duration and frequency of artificial sweetener consumption.
    • The population attributable risk for bladder cancer in males was estimated at 7%, rising to 33% for diabetic males.

    Conclusions:

    • Artificial sweetener consumption, notably saccharin, presents an increased risk for bladder cancer in males.
    • The findings highlight a significant dose-dependent relationship between sweetener use and cancer risk.
    • Public health recommendations regarding artificial sweetener intake may need re-evaluation, especially for specific populations like diabetics.