Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 10, 2026

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
Published on: May 6, 2018
Abstract:
Traumatic rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria and renal failure has been recognized for many years. In the past decade, rhabdomyolysis has been found to have various nontraumatic causes as well, including genetic conditions, metabolic disorders, exercise, toxins, infections, and drugs. Characteristic clinical and laboratory features include muscle tenderness, pigmenturia with urine that is orthotoluidine (Hematest) positive, greatly elevated creatine kinase levels, and often, renal failure. Treatment consists of fluid replacement and establishment of adequate urine flow early. If acute renal failure occurs, it should be treated appropriately. Particularly important are reversal of hyperkalemia and withholding of calcium during the hypocalcemic phase to prevent exacerbation of hypercalcemia later.
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Dialysis
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

