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[Dynamic functional changes in the respiratory system in acquired heart defects]

Kh Marinov

    Vutreshni Bolesti
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Acquired valvular diseases cause reversible respiratory disorders, especially in early cardiac insufficiency stages. Early detection of changes in diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and shunt (SS) aids diagnosis and treatment assessment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pulmonology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Acquired valvular diseases can lead to significant functional disorders of the respiratory system.
    • Assessing these respiratory changes is crucial for understanding disease progression and treatment efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the reversibility of respiratory system functional disorders in patients with acquired valvular diseases.
    • To identify sensitive indicators for early diagnosis and monitoring of treatment outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Dynamic follow-up of 56 patients out of 148 examined.
    • Assessment of external respiration, lung diffusing capacity (DLCO, DM), acid-base balance, blood gases, and intrapulmonary shunts (SS).
    • Evaluation of vital capacity (VC), maximal respiratory ventilation (MRV), respiratory quotient (RQ), and dead space (DS%RC).

    Main Results:

    • Complex therapy significantly reverses dynamic functional disorders in the respiratory system.
    • Respiratory function is almost completely restored in stage I cardiac insufficiency.
    • Recovery is most pronounced in stage IIA, with notable changes in DLCO, SS, DM, VC, MRV, RQ, and DS%RC.
    • Recovery is less evident in stage IIB due to reduced compensatory mechanisms and irreversible changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Changes in DLCO and shunt (SS) are highly sensitive indicators, manifesting early even before clinical symptoms, aiding in early diagnosis of acquired valvular defects.
    • Dynamic monitoring of respiratory function provides a thorough assessment of treatment results, disease evolution, and prognosis in acquired valvular diseases.

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