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Factors affecting medication-order processing time

M A Beaman, J A Kotzan

    American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Medication order processing time is significantly influenced by urgency status, interruptions, and the number of drugs. Pharmacy managers can use these findings to identify and improve efficiency in their own institutions.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacy Practice
    • Health Services Research

    Background:

    • Medication order processing time is a critical factor in hospital pharmacy operations.
    • Understanding the determinants of this time is essential for optimizing workflow and patient care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify factors influencing medication order processing time within a hospital pharmacy setting.
    • To analyze the impact of order urgency, interruptions, and drug quantity on processing duration.

    Main Methods:

    • Direct observation of medication order processing across all shifts over two weeks.
    • Recording processing times, order details (drug nature, location, cost), and interruptions.
    • Utilizing stepwise multiple regression to determine significant predictors of six dependent variables (total time, work time, check time, and three waiting times).

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    Main Results:

    • Order urgency was the sole significant predictor of total medication order processing time (58.33 +/- 48.72 minutes).
    • Urgency also significantly impacted the three waiting time variables.
    • Interruptions and the number of drugs ordered significantly affected work and check times, with each telephone interruption adding 1.72 minutes to work time.

    Conclusions:

    • Order urgency is the primary driver of total medication order processing time.
    • Interruptions and order complexity (number of drugs) are key factors affecting pharmacy work and check times.
    • While results are institution-specific, the methodology can guide pharmacy managers in identifying workflow bottlenecks.