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Updated: Aug 4, 2026

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
Published on: December 2, 2015
Discussion: Implications of the stress syndrome to animal performance and health
Abstract:
Similarities of blood metabolic and immunologic reactions that occur in cattle exposed to heat stress, other chronic stress-inducing environmental factors, and administration of pituitary, adrenal, and thyroid hormones have been described. Chronic stress can predispose cattle to both metabolic and infectious diseases. Improved characterization of endocrine, metabolic, and immunologic relationships offers promising means for studying effects of various treatment regimens on animal health, production, and reproduction.
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