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Bone marrow studies in myelomatosis

O P Hansen

    Scandinavian Journal of Haematology
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    In myelomatosis patients, increased fat cells in bone marrow displace plasma cells. Anemia in these patients is linked to renal failure, not iron or vitamin deficiencies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Oncology
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Myelomatosis is a plasma cell malignancy affecting the bone marrow.
    • Anemia is a common complication in myelomatosis patients.
    • The pathogenesis of anemia in myelomatosis is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between fat cell area and plasma cells in bone marrow of myelomatosis patients.
    • To assess iron status and potential deficiencies (B12, folic acid) in these patients.
    • To explore the correlation between bone marrow cellularity, renal function, and hemoglobin levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Estimation of fat-cell areas in bone marrow particles.
    • Assessment of plasma cell infiltration.
    • Evaluation of iron deposits, transferrin saturation, and sideroblast counts.
    • Deoxyuridine suppression test for biochemical defects.
    • Correlation analysis between Hb, bone marrow cellularity, and glomerular filtration rate.

    Main Results:

    • A mean fat cell area exceeding 25% was observed in most patients.
    • A negative correlation between fat cells and plasma cells suggests displacement.
    • Iron supply for erythropoiesis was deemed sufficient despite some empty iron deposits.
    • Normoblastic bone marrow was present in almost all patients.
    • Renal glomerular filtration rate significantly predicted hemoglobin levels (70%), while bone marrow cellularity had a minor predictive value (9-14%).

    Conclusions:

    • Fat cell accumulation in myelomatosis bone marrow displaces plasma cells.
    • Anemia in myelomatosis is not generally caused by iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid deficiency.
    • A strong causal relationship exists between anemia and renal failure in myelomatosis.

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