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Predictive engineering formulations for diver heating

C E Johnson, J D Collins

    Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study developed predictive equations to calculate the supplementary heating needed for divers. These models account for diving dress insulation and environmental conditions to prevent excessive heat loss.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiological Heat Transfer
    • Diving Physiology
    • Thermal Protection Engineering

    Background:

    • Divers require supplementary heating to maintain thermal balance in cold environments.
    • Existing methods may not fully account for the complex interplay of diving dress and environmental factors.
    • Accurate heat loss prediction is crucial for diver safety and performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop predictive heat transfer equations for estimating diver supplementary heating.
    • To incorporate passive thermal protection (diving dress) and environmental effects into heat loss calculations.
    • To provide a method for calculating necessary heating to compensate for excessive heat flux.

    Main Methods:

    • A mathematical model was created for numerical analysis of discrete regions: skin, suit, breathing gas, and surrounding fluid.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Heat transfer correlations were parameterized using validated experimental heat flux and skin temperature data.
  • Calculations determined heat flux loss without heating and subtracted normal resting heat flux.

    • Main Results:

    • Predictive equations were successfully developed to estimate local supplementary heating requirements.
    • The model effectively integrates the thermal resistance of the diving dress and ambient environmental conditions.
    • Validated experimental data supported the parametric properties used in the heat transfer correlations.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed equations provide a reliable method for predicting essential supplementary heating for divers.
    • This approach allows for precise compensation of excessive heat flux, enhancing diver thermal safety.
    • The findings support improved thermal management strategies in underwater operations.