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Vincristine-induced dysphagia

R C Chisholm, S B Curry

    Southern Medical Journal
    |November 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vincristine, a chemotherapy drug, can cause reversible dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) in breast cancer patients. Stopping vincristine treatment improved swallowing, indicating its role in this side effect.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Metastatic breast carcinoma treatment often involves combination chemotherapy.
    • Chemotherapy-induced side effects can impact patient quality of life.

    Observation:

    • Two patients receiving combination chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer developed dysphagia.
    • Esophagogram and esophagoscopy results were normal, ruling out structural esophageal issues.

    Findings:

    • Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid anticancer drug, was identified as the likely cause of dysphagia.
    • Discontinuation of vincristine therapy led to significant improvement in swallowing.
    • Re-administration of vincristine in one patient promptly caused dysphagia recurrence, confirming the drug's role.

    Implications:

    • Vincristine-induced dysphagia is a potentially reversible neurological side effect.
    • Awareness of this adverse event is crucial for managing patients on vincristine therapy.
    • Further research into the mechanism of vincristine neurotoxicity affecting swallowing is warranted.

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