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Mortality and early retirement

D Baker, M Packard, A D Rader

    Social Security Bulletin
    |December 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Individuals claiming early retirement benefits at age 62 had slightly lower survival rates initially compared to those who waited. However, survival rates improved over time for all groups, especially for men claiming early retirement benefits.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Public Health
    • Social Security Policy

    Background:

    • Early retirement benefit claims at age 62 are common, but their long-term health and survival implications require further investigation.
    • Previous survey data indicated a significant health disadvantage for men claiming early retirement benefits.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare survival rates of individuals who claimed retired-worker benefits at age 62 versus those who deferred claiming.
    • To assess the relationship between claiming early retirement benefits and subsequent health status.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of a sample of Social Security insured workers who reached age 62 between 1962-1972.
    • Comparison of mortality proportions in the initial years after age 62 between benefit claimants and non-claimants.
    Keywords:
    AdultAge FactorsAgedAmericasDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesDifferential MortalityEconomic FactorsEmployment StatusLength Of LifeMortalityNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsRetirementSocioeconomic FactorsSocioeconomic StatusSurvivorshipUnited States

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Longitudinal tracking of survival rates across different age cohorts.

    • Main Results:

    • Men claiming benefits at age 62 exhibited higher early mortality rates compared to non-claimants; a smaller difference was observed for women.
    • Despite higher reported health problems in surveys, survival rate differences between age-62 claimants and others were modest (3-5 percentage points by age 68 for men).
    • Survival rates improved across age cohorts, with a slightly greater improvement observed for men who claimed early retirement benefits.

    Conclusions:

    • Claiming retirement benefits at age 62 is associated with a slight, but statistically significant, initial survival disadvantage, suggesting potential underlying health issues.
    • The observed survival gap is narrower than self-reported health problem disparities, indicating the complexity of health status and benefit claiming behavior.
    • Long-term survival trends show improvement for all cohorts, particularly for men who opt for early retirement, suggesting potential resilience or changing health dynamics.