Preliminary observations on language and learning in XXY boys
Abstract:
Difficulties with processing, storing and retrieving, and producing linguistic information were particularly evident among the XXY boys. These decrements in abilities were associated with decreased achievement in a variety of reading and spelling tasks in this study as well as in that of Graham et al [4]. The data suggest that a continuum of language disability is present throughout the early life of these children and is associated with the XXY anomaly. Furthermore, when considered in relation to cross-sectional observations on older Turner syndrome patients, these data suggest the possibility that pathologic variations in sex chromosome complements may differentially affect brain development and subsequent functioning of the children.
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