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Pineal region tumors

M L Portillo, C M de González, J B Sangines

    International Surgery
    |October 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Pineal region tumors are rare intracranial neoplasms. Germinomas are the most frequent ectopic pinealomas, with surgical and radiation therapy showing promising outcomes for patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuro-oncology
    • Neurosurgery
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Pineal region tumors represent a small fraction (0.4%-1%) of intracranial neoplasms.
    • These tumors are broadly classified into teratomas, pinealomas, glial forms, and cysts.
    • Clinical presentation often involves hydrocephalus, hypothalamic dysfunction, and neurological deficits.

    Observation:

    • Ectopic pinealomas, particularly germinomas, can occur in the hypophyseal region.
    • Microscopic examination reveals lymphocytes and large germinal cells; ultrastructural studies identify five cell types.
    • Diagnostic imaging modalities such as skull X-ray, cerebral angiography, ventriculography, and CAT scans are crucial.

    Findings:

    • Over a six-year period, five germinomas and one pinealoblastoma were observed.

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  • Surgical intervention followed by radiation therapy was administered to five patients.
  • Treatment outcomes included two deaths, three patients under outpatient care with recovery, and one death post-testing.

    • Implications:

    • Early diagnosis and multimodal treatment, including surgery and radiation, are vital for managing pineal region tumors.
    • Understanding the diverse clinical presentations and histological subtypes is essential for effective patient management.
    • Further research into the ultrastructural characteristics may offer insights into targeted therapies.