Effect of dietary protein and energy on broiler performance and production costs

Varying levels of dietary protein (16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36%) and energy (2600, 2800, 3000, 3200, 3400, 3600 kcal [metabolizable energy] ME/kg) were fed in a factorial arrangement to broilers to determine the effect of alteration in nutrient density on performance and economic traits. Body weight and feed efficiency improved with increased dietary protein or energy. However, a significant interaction between protein and energy indicated the importance of a balanced energy: protein ratio to achieve optimum performance. Sex differences in protein requirements were observed for 49-day body weights. Returns over feed costs remained essentially constant, providing a balance between dietary protein and energy was maintained. However, an increase above 28% crude protein or 3400 kcal ME/kg resulted in reduced returns as did excessive quantities of one nutrient relative to the other. Male broilers were able to accommodate a higher level of dietary protein (24%) than female broilers (20%) before returns were reduced. Regression equations were derived for prediction of performance and economic parameters. Reliable estimates were obtained with the inclusion of protein or energy intake in addition to diet composition.