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A new antithrombogenic material with long polyethyleneoxide chains

Y Mori, S Nagaoka, H Takiuchi

    Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Grafting polyethyleneoxide (PEO) side chains onto polyvinylchloride (PVC) via photo-induced copolymerization significantly improves antithrombogenicity. Longer PEO chains on PVC-g-MnG surfaces reduce blood element adsorption and prevent denaturation.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Polymer Chemistry
    • Surface Science

    Background:

    • Polyvinylchloride (PVC) is a common biomaterial but suffers from thrombogenicity.
    • Improving the blood compatibility of PVC is crucial for medical device applications.
    • Graft copolymerization offers a method to modify polymer surfaces with biocompatible chains.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To synthesize and characterize polyvinylchloride grafted with methoxypoly(ethyleneoxide)monomethacrylate (PVC-g-MnG) polymers.
    • To evaluate the antithrombogenic properties of these modified polymers in vitro and in vivo.
    • To investigate the effect of polyethyleneoxide (PEO) side chain length on antithrombogenicity.

    Main Methods:

    • Photo-induced graft copolymerization was used to synthesize PVC-g-MnG polymers with varying PEO chain lengths (n=4, 9, 15, 23, 50, 100).

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  • Antithrombogenicity was assessed through in vitro studies measuring blood element adsorption.
  • In vivo evaluations were conducted to confirm the antithrombogenic performance.

    • Main Results:

    • The adsorption of blood elements (e.g., platelets, proteins) to the PVC-g-MnG surfaces significantly decreased as the PEO chain length (n) increased.
    • Both in vitro and in vivo tests demonstrated enhanced antithrombogenicity with longer PEO chains.
    • A clear correlation was observed between PEO chain length and reduced blood-material interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • The synthesized PVC-g-MnG polymers exhibit excellent antithrombogenic properties.
    • The enhanced antithrombogenicity is attributed to the 'volume restriction effect' created by long PEO chains on the surface.
    • This surface modification effectively suppresses blood element adsorption and prevents their denaturation, making PVC-g-MnG a promising biomaterial.