Catamenial pneumothorax with pleural endometriosis and hemoptysis

One case of recurrent pneumothorax, coinciding with menstruation, is documented. The ethiopathogenesis of this syndrome remains unknown, after studying the 44 cases. Their association with pleural endometriosis has only been found in nine cases. This new publication with pleural endometriosis and menstrual hemoptysis supports an endometriosis etiology. The surgical treatment of pneumothorax is effective, and a main disclosure of this syndrome would facilitate the research and enlightenment of the ethiopathogenesis.