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Epidemic leg ulcers in Thailand
The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health
|December 1, 1982
Summary
Two large outbreaks of chronic leg ulcers in Thailand affected thousands, primarily young individuals in agricultural settings. Trauma and a potential fly vector transmitting Corynebacterium pyogenes are hypothesized causes.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Two significant outbreaks of chronic leg ulcers occurred in Thailand in 1981.
- These outbreaks affected thousands of individuals, predominantly in agricultural environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical characteristics and epidemiological patterns of the leg ulcer outbreaks.
- To investigate potential causes and risk factors associated with the observed leg ulcers.
Main Methods:
- Descriptive epidemiological analysis of outbreak data.
- Clinical examination of ulcer lesions.
- Environmental and occupational exposure assessment.
Main Results:
- Ulcers were approximately 1 cm, irregular, with granulomatous bases and erythematous edges, lasting 2 weeks to 1 month.
- Lesions predominantly affected lower extremities (90%), with highest attack rates in the 5-19 age group.
- Incidence peaked during the rainy season, with no significant sex-based difference in attack rates.
Conclusions:
- Trauma is hypothesized as a precursor to ulcer development.
- A small fly is suspected as a mechanical vector for the causative organism, possibly Corynebacterium pyogenes.
- Further research is planned to confirm the etiology and transmission dynamics.