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Cardiopulmonary bypass-induced complement activation. Evidence for C5a participation
Abstract:
Plasma activity inducing polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) aggregation, augmenting PMN adherence, plasma chemotactic activity as well as peripheral PMN count were estimated in patients during cardiopulmonary bypass. In the course of the surgical procedure the chemotactic activity and the activity inducing PMN aggregation were detected in plasma. The top of these two activities was always followed by the significant fall of the peripheral PMN count. The increase of the activity augmenting PMN adherence was observed in a part of cases, but when noticed, always preceded the maximum of the remaining evaluated activities.
Insights
During cardiopulmonary bypass, plasma activities increased, leading to polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) aggregation and adherence. These changes correlated with a drop in circulating PMN counts, impacting immune response.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Immunology
- Hematology
Background:
- Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with inflammatory responses.
- Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) play a key role in the inflammatory cascade during CPB.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate plasma activities affecting PMN during cardiopulmonary bypass.
- To correlate these activities with peripheral PMN counts.
Main Methods:
- Measurement of plasma activities inducing PMN aggregation and adherence.
- Assessment of plasma chemotactic activity.
- Monitoring of peripheral PMN counts in patients undergoing CPB.
Main Results:
- Plasma chemotactic activity and PMN aggregation-inducing activity were detected during CPB.
- Peak levels of these activities preceded a significant decrease in peripheral PMN count.
- Increased PMN adherence activity, when observed, preceded the maximum of other evaluated activities.
Conclusions:
- CPB triggers plasma-mediated PMN activation and migration.
- The observed changes in PMN activity and count suggest a complex immune response during CPB.
- Understanding these dynamics is crucial for managing CPB-related complications.