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Related Experiment Videos

Placement from community-based mental retardation programs: how well do clients do?

R L Schalock, R S Harper

    American Journal of Mental Deficiency
    |November 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study evaluated 131 clients from independent living and competitive employment programs. Successful placement in independent living was linked to cognitive and daily living skills, while job success depended on sensorimotor and language abilities.

    Area of Science:

    • Intellectual disability research
    • Vocational rehabilitation
    • Community integration

    Background:

    • Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) often require specialized training programs to achieve successful community living and employment.
    • Evaluating the factors contributing to successful placement is crucial for refining rehabilitation strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the success rates of clients with intellectual disabilities placed in independent living and competitive employment settings.
    • To identify specific skills and behaviors associated with successful long-term placement in both independent living and competitive employment.

    Main Methods:

    • A cohort of 131 clients with intellectual disabilities were followed for two years post-placement.
    • Placement success was evaluated based on whether clients remained in their respective settings or returned to training.

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  • Statistical analysis was used to correlate specific skill sets with placement outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Thirteen percent of clients returned to their training programs.
    • Independent living success correlated with higher intelligence, symbolic operations, personal maintenance, social behavior, and functional academics.
    • Employment success was associated with sensorimotor, visual-auditory processing, language, and symbolic-operations skills.
    • Common reasons for returning from employment included behavioral issues or need for further training; for independent living, issues included money management, home cleanliness, social behavior, and meal preparation.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific cognitive and adaptive skill sets are critical for successful independent living and competitive employment in individuals with intellectual disabilities.
    • Targeted interventions addressing identified skill deficits can improve long-term placement success and reduce return-to-training rates.
    • Understanding the distinct skill requirements for independent living versus employment is essential for personalized vocational rehabilitation planning.