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The Polynesian head: growth and form

M R Kean, P Houghton

    Journal of Anatomy
    |September 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The cranial base significantly influences Polynesian head and jaw shape. Facial structures adapt to a flat cranial base, impacting mandibular form and chewing muscle development.

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    Area of Science:

    • Anthropology
    • Craniofacial development
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • The cranial base is a key factor in determining craniofacial morphology.
    • Polynesian populations exhibit distinct head and mandibular forms.
    • Cranial base shape influences facial skeletal development and occlusion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cranial base as the primary determinant of head and mandibular form in adult Polynesians.
    • To elucidate the developmental adaptations of the facial skeleton and mandible to cranial base morphology.
    • To understand the functional consequences of these adaptations on masticatory musculature and facial structure.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of craniofacial morphology in adult Polynesians.
    • Developmental trajectory analysis of the upper facial skeleton and mandible.

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  • Assessment of the relationship between cranial base flatness and facial prognathism.
  • Evaluation of compensatory masticatory muscle development.

    • Main Results:

    • A flat cranial base is identified as the primordial determinant of Polynesian head and mandibular shape.
    • Significant adjustments in the upper facial skeleton and maxillary occlusal plane occur during development to accommodate the cranial base.
    • The mandible undergoes extreme shape and positional changes to maintain occlusion.
    • Adaptations result in a vertically disposed, orthognathic bony profile, a large nasopharynx, and enhanced masticatory musculature.

    Conclusions:

    • The cranial base plays a critical role in shaping the craniofacial complex, particularly in Polynesian populations.
    • Developmental plasticity allows the facial skeleton and mandible to adapt to the constraints of the cranial base.
    • These adaptations have significant functional implications for mastication and overall facial morphology.