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Related Experiment Videos

Matching since Baum (1979)

J H Wearden, I S Burgess

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Recent studies on concurrent variable-interval schedules show undermatching is common across species and reinforcers. This deviation from the Matching Law occurs regardless of response or time measures, with procedural details having minimal impact.

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    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral Psychology
    • Animal Behavior
    • Human Behavior

    Background:

    • The Matching Law predicts how organisms allocate responses between concurrent schedules of reinforcement.
    • Recent research has explored deviations from this law, particularly undermatching.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent studies on concurrent variable-interval schedules.
    • To analyze the prevalence and characteristics of undermatching across different species and conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of empirical data from studies using concurrent variable-interval schedules.
    • Inclusion of data from rats, pigeons, and humans with various reinforcers.
    • Analysis of undermatching in terms of response ratios and time allocation.

    Main Results:

    • Undermatching was prevalent across studies, irrespective of subject species (rats, pigeons, humans) or reinforcer type.
    • Little difference was observed between undermatching in response ratios versus time allocation, with some exceptions.
    • Procedural features like manipulandum type and changeover delay had minor effects on undermatching.
    • Asymmetrical experimental setups clearly influenced bias measures.

    Conclusions:

    • Undermatching is a robust phenomenon in concurrent schedule research.
    • Behavioral allocation in concurrent schedules is influenced by factors beyond simple reinforcement rates, including experimental asymmetries.
    • Further research may clarify the nuances of undermatching in human subjects.

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