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Surface and shape changes during cell division

J W Sanger, J M Sanger

    Cell and Tissue Research
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    During the cell cycle, rat kangaroo cells dynamically alter their shape and surface structures. Microvilli and actin filaments reorganize, influencing cell rounding and division.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Cytoskeleton Dynamics
    • Electron Microscopy

    Background:

    • Cell shape and surface structures are critical for cellular functions.
    • The dynamic interplay between the cytoskeleton and cell surface is not fully understood during the cell cycle.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the correlation between cell cycle progression and the presence/absence of microvilli and stress fibers in PtK2 cells.
    • To elucidate the role of microvilli and actin filaments in cell shape changes during mitosis and cytokinesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were employed.
    • PtK2 (rat kangaroo) cells were observed throughout the cell cycle.

    Main Results:

    • Interphase cells exhibit prominent actin bundles and microvilli around the nucleus.

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  • Mitosis initiation leads to the disappearance of actin bundles and microvilli, with cells maintaining a flattened shape.
  • Microvilli reappear in late anaphase and increase before cleavage, coinciding with cell elongation.
  • Post-cytokinesis, microvilli numbers decrease as cells flatten into interphase.

    • Conclusions:

    • Dynamic changes in microvilli and actin filament organization are integral to cell cycle progression, particularly during mitosis and cytokinesis.
    • It is proposed that microvilli, in conjunction with actin filaments and cortical myosin, orchestrate the cell rounding preceding cleavage.