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Gestational age in twins

W H James

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The Dubowitz gestational age scoring system may overestimate age in heavier twins due to superfecundation. Testing on identical twins confirmed system accuracy, revealing males are often assessed older in opposite-sex pairs, suggesting earlier male zygote formation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neonatalogy
    • Reproductive Biology
    • Biometry

    Background:

    • The Dubowitz scoring system is widely used to estimate gestational age in newborns.
    • Discrepancies in estimated gestational age between twins have been attributed to scoring system flaws.
    • Alternative explanations, such as superfecundation, warrant investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate potential bias in the Dubowitz scoring system when applied to twins.
    • To investigate the hypothesis that dizygotic twins may have differing gestational ages due to superfecundation.
    • To explore sex-based differences in estimated gestational age among opposite-sex twins.

    Main Methods:

    • Application of the Dubowitz scoring system to twin pairs.
    • Analysis of weight-estimated gestational age correlations in monozygotic (identical) twins to assess system bias.

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  • Comparison of estimated gestational ages between male and female twins in opposite-sex dizygotic pairs.

    • Main Results:

    • The correlation between weight and estimated gestational age in monozygotic twins was negligible, suggesting the Dubowitz system is not inherently biased by weight.
    • A significant finding was that in opposite-sex twin pairs, males were more frequently assessed as having a greater gestational age.
    • Superfecundation, leading to differing gestational ages in dizygotic twins, is proposed as a common phenomenon.

    Conclusions:

    • The Dubowitz scoring system appears reliable when assessed for weight-related bias using monozygotic twins.
    • The observed higher estimated gestational age in males within opposite-sex twin pairs supports the hypothesis of earlier male zygote formation.
    • Superfecundation is suggested as a frequent cause for differing gestational ages in dizygotic twins, rather than a flaw in the scoring system.