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Related Experiment Videos

Peripheral blood monocyte function in leprosy patients

A Masuda, M A Scheinberg

    International Journal of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases : Official Organ of the International Leprosy Association
    |September 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Monocytes from leprosy patients showed increased Fc and C3b receptor sites but reduced migration. These immune cell changes in lepromatous (LL) and tuberculoid (TT) leprosy patients suggest complex immune dysregulation in the disease.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, affects the skin and peripheral nerves.
    • Immune responses, particularly involving monocytes, play a critical role in leprosy pathogenesis and classification.
    • Understanding monocyte function in lepromatous (LL) and tuberculoid (TT) leprosy is crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and compare the in vitro activities of monocytes from LL and TT leprosy patients versus normal controls.
    • To assess receptor expression, NBT reduction, glucosamine incorporation, and migratory functions of monocytes.

    Main Methods:

    • Monocyte isolation from peripheral blood of LL, TT leprosy patients, and healthy individuals.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assays for Fc and C3b receptor density on monocyte surfaces.
  • Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test to evaluate oxidative burst capacity.
  • Measurement of glucosamine incorporation as an indicator of cellular metabolism.
  • Assessment of monocyte spontaneous migration and chemotaxis towards lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor (LDCF).
  • Analysis of plasma inhibitory factors affecting monocyte chemotaxis.

    • Main Results:

    • Monocytes from both LL and TT patients exhibited increased Fc and C3b receptor densities compared to normal controls.
    • No significant differences in receptor densities were observed between the polar forms of leprosy (LL vs. TT).
    • Nitroblue tetrazrazolium (NBT) reduction test results were similar between patient groups and controls.
    • Glucosamine incorporation by monocytes did not differ significantly across patient groups and controls.
    • A marked decrease in spontaneous monocyte migration and chemotactic response to LDCF was observed in both LL and TT patients.
    • A plasma inhibitory factor for monocyte chemotaxis was more pronounced in patients with lepromatous leprosy.

    Conclusions:

    • Leprosy monocytes display altered receptor expression and impaired migratory functions, irrespective of disease polarity.
    • The diminished chemotactic capacity of monocytes in leprosy patients suggests a compromised cellular immune response.
    • The presence of a plasma inhibitory factor in lepromatous leprosy may contribute to the immune dysregulation characteristic of this form of the disease.