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Selenium in premature infants

S Amin, S Y Chen, P J Collipp

    Nutrition and Metabolism
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Premature infants often have low selenium levels, especially those treated for respiratory distress syndrome. Selenium supplementation in parenteral nutrition can prevent this deficiency, unlike vitamin E alone.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Nutritional Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Premature infants exhibit lower serum selenium concentrations compared to full-term infants and children.
    • Selenium levels decline rapidly in infants treated for respiratory distress syndrome without supplementation.
    • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is associated with persistently low selenium levels in premature infants.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of selenium supplementation in preventing selenium deficiency in premature infants.
    • To determine if vitamin E supplementation influences serum selenium concentrations in premature infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Monitoring serum selenium concentrations in premature infants.
    • Administering vitamin E supplements to healthy premature infants.
    • Providing selenium supplementation (3 microgram/kg) via parenteral fluids.

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    Main Results:

    • Vitamin E supplementation did not alter serum selenium concentrations in healthy premature infants.
    • Selenium supplementation via parenteral fluids successfully prevented the decline in serum selenium levels observed in unsupplemented infants.
    • Premature infants, particularly those on oxygen therapy, are at risk for selenium deficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Selenium supplementation in parenteral nutrition solutions is recommended for premature infants to prevent deficiency.
    • Vitamin E alone is insufficient to prevent selenium deficiency and mitigate potential oxygen toxicity in premature infants.