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Immune responses after localized lung immunization in the dog

D E Bice, D L Harris, J O Hill

The American Review of Respiratory Disease

|November 1, 1980

Summary

The blood is a key source of antibody-forming cells (AFC) in the lungs following localized antigen exposure. This study tracked immune cells in immunized and unimmunized lung areas and blood in dogs.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Pulmonary Medicine
Cellular Biology

Background:

Understanding the systemic and local immune response to lung-specific antigen deposition is crucial for respiratory health.
The origin and trafficking of antibody-forming cells (AFC) to the lungs remain an area of active investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the immune response in immunized and unimmunized lung compartments and blood after localized antigen deposition.
To determine the kinetics and source of antibody-forming cells in the canine lung.

Main Methods:

Dogs were immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in specific lung lobes via fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Bronchoalveolar lavage and blood samples were collected to quantify lymphocytes, macrophages, and AFC producing IgM and IgG anti-SRBC antibodies.

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Cellular analysis included total cell counts and enumeration of antibody-forming cells.

Main Results:

The highest concentration of antibody-forming cells (AFC) was detected in the immunized lung lobes.
Significantly lower, yet elevated, numbers of AFC were found in unimmunized lung lobes.
Both IgM and IgG AFC peaked in the blood 3–7 days earlier than in the lung tissues.

Conclusions:

The blood serves as a significant reservoir for antibody-forming cells that migrate to the lung.
Localized lung immunization elicits a systemic immune response with implications for pulmonary immunity.