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Interference of strength development by simultaneously training for strength and endurance
Summary
Combining strength and endurance training improves maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) but reduces strength gains. Endurance training alone enhances VO2max without improving strength.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Science
- Human Adaptation
Background:
- Concurrent training, combining strength and endurance exercise, is popular for general fitness.
- Understanding the adaptive responses to concurrent training versus isolated training modes is crucial for optimizing exercise prescription.
- Previous research suggests potential interference effects between strength and endurance training.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare physiological adaptations to 10 weeks of concurrent strength and endurance training against separate strength or endurance training regimens.
- To investigate the impact of concurrent training on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and muscular strength development.
- To determine if concurrent training compromises the benefits of individual training modalities.
Main Methods:
- Three groups of participants underwent distinct 10-week training programs: strength-only (S), endurance-only (E), and concurrent strength and endurance (S and E).
- Training volumes and frequencies were standardized for each group.
- Adaptations were assessed by measuring changes in VO2max (via bicycle and treadmill exercise) and leg strength.
Main Results:
- Both the endurance (E) and concurrent (S and E) groups demonstrated significant increases in VO2max (approx. 25% and 20%, respectively).
- The strength-only (S) group showed no improvement in VO2max.
- The strength-only (S) group exhibited consistent leg strength gains, while the endurance-only (E) group showed minimal strength improvements. The concurrent (S and E) group's strength gains plateaued and declined in later weeks.
Conclusions:
- Concurrent strength and endurance training effectively enhances cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) comparable to endurance-only training.
- Simultaneous training for strength and endurance leads to a diminished capacity for strength development compared to strength-only training.
- The magnitude of VO2max improvement is not negatively affected by concurrent training, but strength adaptation is compromised.
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