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Type A behavior pattern and coping and defense

R R Vickers, L K Hervig, R H Rahe

    Psychosomatic Medicine
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
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    Type A behavior pattern (TABP) links to coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, especially with poor coping skills and high defenses. The Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) revealed specific TABP traits associated with coping and defense mechanisms.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Behavioral Medicine
    • Cardiology

    Background:

    • Type A behavior pattern (TABP) is a potential risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD).
    • Understanding the psychological dynamics, including coping and defense mechanisms, associated with TABP is crucial for assessing CHD risk.
    • Previous research has explored links between personality traits and cardiovascular health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between coping strategies, defense mechanisms, and the Type A behavior pattern (TABP).
    • To explore the psychological factors contributing to coronary heart disease (CHD) risk.
    • To differentiate the influence of interview-based versus survey-based TABP measures on coping and defense.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the Structured Interview and the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) to measure TABP.

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  • Assessed coping and defense mechanisms in relation to TABP components.
  • Analyzed correlations between specific TABP attributes (job involvement, speed and impatience, hard driving) and psychological strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • The interview measure of global TABP showed no significant relationship with coping or defense mechanisms.
    • The JAS revealed 'Job involvement' correlated with high coping and low defense; 'speed and impatience' with high defense; and 'hard driving' with low coping.
    • Specific TABP components, particularly when measured by the JAS, are differentially associated with coping and defense strategies.

    Conclusions:

    • TABP may increase CHD risk primarily when individuals exhibit low coping skills and high defense mechanisms.
    • Findings suggest that poor coping skills, as indicated by certain JAS-measured TABP attributes, are linked to increased coronary risk.
    • Future research should focus on the multifactorial interactions of personality variables in contributing to CHD risk.