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Nocturnal natriuresis in hyperthyroidism

G M Bell, J S Sawers, A D Toft

    Clinical Endocrinology
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hyperthyroidism increases nocturnal sodium excretion, altering daily sodium and urine flow ratios. Treatment normalizes these patterns, correlating with reduced thyroid hormone levels.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Disorders

    Background:

    • Hyperthyroidism is associated with various metabolic disturbances.
    • Renal function and electrolyte balance can be affected by thyroid hormone levels.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of hyperthyroidism on urine flow and renal excretion of solutes, specifically sodium, potassium, and calcium.
    • To assess the changes in these parameters following treatment for hyperthyroidism.

    Main Methods:

    • Urine flow and renal excretion of total solute, sodium, potassium, and calcium were measured in 11 hyperthyroid patients.
    • Measurements were taken before and after treatment for hyperthyroidism.

    Main Results:

    • Hyperthyroidism was associated with significantly greater mean nocturnal sodium excretion (P < 0.05).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Significant alterations were observed in the day/night ratios of sodium excretion (P < 0.005) and urinary flow (P < 0.05) during hyperthyroidism.
  • Twenty-four hour urinary calcium output was significantly greater (P < 0.02) in hyperthyroidism, without day/night pattern changes.
  • The change in the day/night sodium excretion ratio post-treatment correlated significantly with changes in plasma total triiodothyronine (r=0.73, P < 0.01).

    • Conclusions:

    • Hyperthyroidism induces a nocturnal natriuresis, disrupting normal diurnal solute and water handling by the kidneys.
    • Treatment of hyperthyroidism normalizes these nocturnal excretory patterns.
    • The degree of normalization correlates with the reduction in thyroid hormone levels, suggesting a direct impact of thyroid hormones on renal sodium handling.