Aspergilloma in a necrotic bronchial adenocarcinoma

A patient with an aspergilloma developing in a cavitary bronchial adenocarcinoma is presented. The case fulfilled the clinical, radiological and laboratory criteria of pulmonary mycetoma. A lobectomy was performed because of severe haemoptysis and the unknown aetiology of the cavitated lesion. Lung cancer was found to be the underlying process. This diagnosis had not been considered preoperatively because of the unusual radiological presentation of a polycystic lesion and because of the rare association of aspergilloma with bronchial carcinoma.