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Ascorbic acid, an endogenous factor required for acetylcholine release from the synaptic vesicles

C H Kuo, H Yoshida

    Japanese Journal of Pharmacology
    |August 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, was identified as a key factor in releasing acetylcholine (ACh) from rat brain synaptic vesicles. This finding suggests a novel physiological role for vitamin C in neurotransmission.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Acetylcholine (ACh) is a critical neurotransmitter involved in various brain functions.
    • The precise mechanisms regulating ACh release from synaptic vesicles are not fully understood.
    • Identifying endogenous factors that modulate ACh release is essential for understanding brain function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To purify and identify the factor responsible for acetylcholine release from isolated rat brain synaptic vesicles.
    • To investigate the role of the identified factor in modulating ACh release in vitro.
    • To explore the relationship between this factor-induced ACh release and lipid peroxidation.

    Main Methods:

    • Purification of the ACh-releasing factor using a series of column chromatographies (Sephadex G-15, DEAE-Sephadex, Sephadex G-10, AG50W-2X).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assay of ACh release from isolated synaptic vesicles in the presence of ATP, MgCl2, and CaCl2.
  • Determination of lipid peroxide formation.

    • Main Results:

    • The ACh-releasing factor was purified and identified as ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
    • Low concentrations of L-ascorbic acid (5 x 10(-6) M) stimulated ACh release from synaptic vesicles, mimicking the effect of synaptosomal cytoplasm.
    • The ACh release induced by L-ascorbic acid was independent of lipid peroxide formation.

    Conclusions:

    • Ascorbic acid is identified as a physiological factor that promotes acetylcholine release from rat brain synaptic vesicles.
    • These findings suggest a novel role for ascorbic acid in regulating neurotransmission.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms and physiological significance of ascorbic acid in the brain.