[Comparison processes in "same" versus "different" judgment on orientations of lines: an approach through a...

The comparison processes on orientations in "same" versus "different" judgment were investigated. Tasks of Exp. I were to compare orientations of two lines (SO and CO) successively presented. In Exp. II, the identical tasks were done in a rod-and-frame situation. The main results were as follows: (a) In both experiments, the "different" RTs as a function of SO resulted in an inverted U-shaped quadratic trend. (b) In Exp. I, the "same" RTs for 0 degree (vertical) and 90 degree (horizontal) SOs were slightly shorter than others, but in Exp. II, the "same" RTs were an U-shaped quadratic function of SO. These results supported the main assumption led from Hubels' neurological findings on simple cells and from Krueger's noisy-operator theory.