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[Status epilepticus and multiple sclerosis (author's transl)]

J Boudouresques, R Khalil, J Roger

    Revue Neurologique
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Status epilepticus, a severe seizure complication, occurred in a patient with a long history of multiple sclerosis. Acute demyelinating lesions in the brain were identified as the cause of the epilepsy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Neuroscience
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
    • Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
    • Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency defined as prolonged seizures or recurrent seizures without recovery of consciousness.

    Observation:

    • A patient with an 11-year history of multiple sclerosis experienced status epilepticus preceding a fatal outcome.
    • Seizures manifested as lateral eye movements (clonic, 30-90 seconds duration, occurring every ~5 minutes).
    • Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed periodic slow spikes originating from the right anterior hemisphere.

    Findings:

    • Neuropathological examination excluded other pathological conditions.

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  • Acute cortico-subcortical demyelinating lesions were identified as the probable cause of epilepsy in this MS patient.
  • The observed unilateral EEG pattern is typically associated with acute ischemic lesions, cerebral tumors, or other severe brain insults.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights a rare but severe neurological complication of multiple sclerosis.
    • Acute demyelinating lesions can precipitate epileptic seizures, including status epilepticus, in MS patients.
    • Understanding the link between demyelination and epilepsy is crucial for managing complex MS cases.