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Summary
Weather significantly impacts cattle diseases, especially respiratory and enteric infections. Understanding climate and weather effects on disease spread and animal resistance is crucial for disease prevention in livestock.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Animal Health
Background:
- Clinical observations and epidemiological surveys suggest a link between weather patterns and cattle disease incidence and severity.
- Endemic enteric and respiratory diseases in cattle are particularly noted for their association with specific weather conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review infectious diseases in cattle (excluding parasitic) where a clear association exists between climate, weather, and disease occurrence.
- To discuss the influence of weather on microbial survival, pathogen spread, and host resistance.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of infectious diseases in cattle.
- Analysis of weather-related factors influencing disease etiology.
- Consideration of environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and air pollution.
Main Results:
- Identified specific infectious diseases in cattle linked to weather and climate.
- Discussed mechanisms by which weather affects pathogen survival and transmission.
- Examined the impact of weather on both local and systemic resistance to infection in cattle.
Conclusions:
- Weather and climate are significant factors in the epidemiology of cattle infectious diseases.
- Environmental conditions like cold, heat, humidity, and air pollution play a role in the aetiology of cattle respiratory diseases.
- Further investigation into weather-disease relationships can inform disease control strategies for cattle.