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[Hypertension as a clinical syndrome]
Insights
Essential hypertension is often part of multimorbidity. A new classification identifies a "hypertensive-metabolic syndrome" characterized by obesity, high lipids, and diabetes, increasing arteriosclerotic risk.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Internal Medicine
Context:
- Essential hypertension is increasingly recognized as a component of complex multimorbidity rather than an isolated condition.
- Analysis of patient data over 10 years reveals distinct patterns of hypertension co-occurrence.
Purpose:
- To propose a novel classification of hypertension based on its common co-existing conditions.
- To identify a specific cluster of diseases termed 'hypertensive-metabolic syndrome'.
Summary:
- Hypertension is categorized into two groups: "coloured" (with other chronic diseases) and "standardized" (with obesity, hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes, hyperuricemia, and cholelithiasis).
- The "standardized" group defines the hypertensive-metabolic syndrome, where hypertension acts as a symptom of a broader metabolic disturbance.
- This syndrome presents a concentrated cluster of arteriosclerotic risk factors.
Impact:
- The hypertensive-metabolic syndrome is characterized by accelerated arteriosclerosis and its major organ manifestations, particularly affecting the heart and brain.
- This classification may refine understanding and management strategies for patients with complex hypertension and metabolic disorders.
Abstract:
The essential hypertension, at present scarcely existing as isolated and unique disease, proves to be one of the main participants in multimorbidity. The evaluation of the own patients of the past 10 years according to the concomitant diseases of hypertension leads unconventionally to a subdivision in two groups: a "coloured" in which hypertension together appears with another chronic disease or also various diseases and a second group, in which the hypertension appears in a constantly composed "standardized" connection of diseases: with adiposis, hyperlipoproteinaemia, diabetes, frequently still with hyperuricaemia and cholelithiasis. In this hypertensive-metabolic syndrome we have to acknowledge a characteristic form of manifestation of hypertension, under simultaneous degradation to the symptom of a more comprehensive complex of disturbances. From the cooperation of the present individual diseases results a unique concentration of arteriosclerotic risk factors, so that course and result in the hypertensive-metabolic syndrome are characterized by the arteriosclerosis with its organ manifestations, above all on heart and brain.