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Persistence of chlamydial infection after treatment for neonatal conjunctivitis

E Rees, I A Tait, D Hobson

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed

    Insights

    Chlamydia trachomatis pharyngeal infections are common in infants with chlamydial conjunctivitis. Topical tetracycline alone was less effective than combined topical and oral antibiotics for treating infant chlamydial infections.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Chlamydial conjunctivitis is a common neonatal infection.
    • Pharyngeal infection with Chlamydia trachomatis can occur concurrently.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence of pharyngeal Chlamydia trachomatis infection in infants with conjunctivitis.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of different antibiotic treatments.

    Main Methods:

    • Chlamydia trachomatis isolation from pharyngeal and ocular swabs before and after treatment.
    • Comparison of treatment outcomes between topical tetracycline and combined topical tetracycline with oral erythromycin.

    Main Results:

    • Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 52% of infant pharynges before treatment.
    • Treatment with topical tetracycline alone resulted in a significantly higher rate of C. trachomatis reisolation (75%) compared to combined therapy (32%).
    • Minor ocular signs were noted with ocular reisolation; chest inflammation signs were found in 2/8 infants with persistent cough.

    Conclusions:

    • Pharyngeal C. trachomatis infection is prevalent in infants with chlamydial conjunctivitis.
    • Combined topical and oral antibiotic therapy is more effective than topical therapy alone for eradicating C. trachomatis.
    • Further investigation into C. trachomatis-related respiratory complications is warranted.

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