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Related Experiment Videos

Changing indications for pacemakers in children

W H Fleming, L B Sarafian, J D Kugler

    The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
    |April 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pediatric permanent pacemaker use has shifted towards sinus node dysfunction, with newer lithium devices offering superior longevity compared to older mercury-cell generators.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Cardiology
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Permanent pacemakers are implanted in children for various cardiac conditions.
    • Historically, surgical and congenital heart block were common indications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the changing indications for permanent pacemaker implantation in children.
    • To evaluate the performance and longevity of different pacemaker pulse generators in pediatric patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 50 pediatric patients who received permanent pacemakers.
    • Analysis of implantation indications, patient demographics, and follow-up data.
    • Comparison of electrode issues and pulse generator survival rates between mercury-cell and lithium-powered units.

    Main Results:

    • Symptomatic sinus node dysfunction (SND) was the primary indication (68%), often in patients with prior cardiac surgery.
    • Electrode problems were infrequent (8%).
    • Lithium-powered pacemakers demonstrated superior longevity and satisfactory pacing in survivors compared to mercury-cell generators.

    Conclusions:

    • Indications for pediatric cardiac pacing have evolved, with SND becoming the predominant reason.
    • Modern pacemaker technology, particularly lithium batteries, offers improved reliability and longer functional life in children.
    • Surgical block is now a less frequent indication for pacing in the pediatric population.

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