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Female fat distribution--a photographic and cellularity study

M Ashwell, S Chinn, S Stalley

    International Journal of Obesity
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new fat distribution (FD) score classifies women

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    Area of Science:

    • Anthropometry
    • Body Composition Analysis
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • Female fat distribution patterns vary significantly.
    • Centralized (android) versus peripheral (gynoid) fat patterns have different health implications.
    • Objective methods for quantifying fat distribution are needed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a simple, objective score for classifying female fat distribution patterns.
    • To assess the relationship between this score and anthropometric, body composition, and demographic factors.

    Main Methods:

    • Linear-discriminant analysis of somatotype photography measurements.
    • Calculation of a fat distribution (FD) score based on thigh and waist diameters.
    • Correlation analysis with age, weight, relative weight, and fat cell size.

    Main Results:

    • The FD score effectively distinguishes android from gynoid fat distribution.
    • The FD score positively correlates with age, weight, and relative weight.
    • Higher FD scores correlate with larger fat cells in the upper body.
    • Fat distribution patterns, as defined by the FD score, appear relatively constant regardless of weight loss.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed FD score provides a reliable method for classifying female fat distribution.
    • Centralized fat distribution is associated with older age, higher body weight, and larger upper body fat cells.
    • Female fat distribution patterns are largely stable and not significantly altered by weight loss.

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