[Colitis cystica profunda]

The rare disease of colitis cystica profunda is characterized histopathologically by epithelial coated cysts with mucous content within the submucosa of the large intestine or rectum. The clinical picture, showing loss of blood and mucus as well as the macroscopic appearance can lead to confusion with rectal cancer. This misinterpretation can be supported by the histologic picture of small biopsies and frozen sections. Transanal disc excision as definite therapy will allow extensive histologic examination and will prevent false treatment, for example proctectomy, in case of localization close to anal orifice.