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Asynchronous ligand binding and proton release in a root effect hemoglobin

W A Saffran, Q H Gibson

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |May 10, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Carbon monoxide (CO) binding to menhaden hemoglobin shows pH-dependent kinetics. Proton release lags CO binding, indicating a link between CO uptake and conformational changes in this Root effect hemoglobin.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Protein Chemistry
    • Physiological Chemistry

    Background:

    • Root effect hemoglobins exhibit unique oxygen binding properties, influenced by pH.
    • Understanding hemoglobin allosteric regulation is crucial for physiological function.
    • Menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) hemoglobin serves as a model for studying Root effect phenomena.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the kinetics and equilibrium of carbon monoxide (CO) binding to menhaden hemoglobin.
    • To elucidate the allosteric regulation and proton release mechanisms associated with CO binding.
    • To analyze the pH dependence of CO binding and conformational changes in hemoglobin.

    Main Methods:

    • Flash photolysis and equilibrium measurements were employed to study CO binding kinetics and affinities.

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  • The two-state allosteric model, extended for chain differences, was used for data analysis.
  • Proton release kinetics were monitored using the pH indicator dye phenol red.
  • Main Results:

    • The allosteric constant (L) for CO binding varied significantly with pH, decreasing from 3 x 10(6) at pH 6.0 to 20 at pH 8.0.
    • Intrinsic rate constants for both the T and R states were found to be pH-dependent.
    • Proton release lagged behind CO binding, with longer lags observed at lower pH, suggesting a link to quaternary conformational changes.

    Conclusions:

    • CO binding to menhaden hemoglobin is a pH-sensitive process involving allosteric transitions.
    • Proton release is coupled to quaternary conformational changes during CO binding.
    • A modified two-state model incorporating pH-dependent intrinsic affinities best describes the observed proton release kinetics.