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[Gonococcal arthritis]

M C Delauche, M F Kahn, A Ryckewaert

    Revue Du Rhumatisme Et Des Maladies Osteo-Articulaires
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Gonococcal arthritis, a complication of gonorrhoea, often presents as polyarthritis or monoarthritis with a characteristic rash. Diagnosis involves identifying Neisseria gonorrhoeae in joint fluid or primary infection sites, confirmed by antibiotic treatment response.

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    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Rheumatology
    • Microbiology

    Context:

    • Gonococcal arthritis is a rare but significant complication of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection.
    • It disproportionately affects women and can manifest as polyarthritis or monoarthritis.
    • Clinical presentation often includes an erythematous or pustular skin rash and signs of urogenital infection.

    Purpose:

    • To outline the diagnostic criteria for gonococcal arthritis.
    • To describe the microbiological and clinical methods for confirming the diagnosis.
    • To elucidate the pathogenesis and treatment of gonococcal arthritis.

    Summary:

    • Gonococcal arthritis presents as polyarthritis (75%) or monoarthritis, often accompanied by a skin rash (40%) and genital infection signs.

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  • Diagnosis is confirmed by isolating Neisseria gonorrhoeae from synovial fluid, blood, or skin biopsies, or from primary infection sites (urethra, cervix, etc.).
  • A rapid positive response to antibiotics like penicillin or ampicillin supports the diagnosis, with pathogenesis linked to direct gonococcal toxicity on synovial membranes.

    • Impact:

    • Improved diagnostic accuracy for gonococcal arthritis, especially when bacteriological samples are negative.
    • Enhanced understanding of the disease's pathogenesis, differentiating direct toxicity from immune complex involvement.
    • Guidance for effective antibiotic treatment strategies, leading to favorable clinical outcomes.