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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Caffeine Extraction, Enzymatic Activity and Gene Expression of Caffeine Synthase from Plant Cell Suspensions
Published on: October 2, 2018
Urinary excretion of an uracilic metabolite from caffeine by rat, monkey and man
Abstract:
Caffeine (C) metabolism has been studied in rat, monkey (Macaca cynomolgus) and man after oral administration of the compound. Eleven metabolites were quantified in urine; particular attention has been drawn to 4-amino [5-formyl methylamino]1,3-dimethyl uracil (ADMU) because of its structural analogies with 5-fluorouracil. The rat has been found to produce a much larger fraction of ADMU (about 30%) in respect to monkey an man (1-2%). The potential toxicological implications of this findings are discussed.
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