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Related Experiment Videos

Cluster headache. Ultrastructural aspects and pathogenetic mechanisms

O Appenzeller, W J Becker, A Ragaz

    Archives of Neurology
    |May 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cluster headaches may involve an increased number of mast cells near nerves and blood vessels. These findings support the theory of an axonal reflex in the trigeminal system triggering cluster headaches.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Dermatology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Cluster headaches are a debilitating neurological condition.
    • The underlying pathophysiology of cluster headaches remains incompletely understood.
    • Mast cells are immune cells involved in inflammatory responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the ultrastructural changes in temporal skin related to cluster headaches.
    • To examine the distribution and degranulation status of mast cells in cluster headache patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Ultrastructural examination of temporal skin biopsies.
    • Comparison between six patients with cluster headaches and three healthy controls.
    • Analysis of mast cell location and degranulation.

    Main Results:

    • Patients with cluster headaches showed an increased number of mast cells compared to controls.
    • Mast cells were found near cutaneous nerves and perivascularly in patients, versus predominantly perivascularly in controls.
    • No significant difference in mast cell degranulation was observed between affected and unaffected sides or between patients and controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings suggest a role for mast cells in cluster headache pathogenesis.
    • Results support the hypothesis of an axonal reflex in the trigeminal system.
    • Potential triggers include latent viral infections or IgE activation of mast cells.

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