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Abnormal laryngeal vocal quality in ectodermal dysplasia

S J Peterson-Falzone, D D Caldarelli, K L Landahl

    Archives of Otolaryngology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |May 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Patients with ectodermal dysplasia may exhibit breathy vocal quality due to laryngeal abnormalities. Early counseling is advised to manage vocal effort and ensure long-term care for these patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Otolaryngology
    • Genetics
    • Speech-Language Pathology

    Background:

    • Ectodermal dysplasias are a group of genetic disorders affecting ectodermal structures, including hair, nails, teeth, and sweat glands.
    • Vocal quality alterations, specifically breathiness, have been anecdotally associated with certain types of ectodermal dysplasia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of breathy vocal quality in patients with different forms of ectodermal dysplasia.
    • To explore potential laryngeal characteristics contributing to breathy voice in affected individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Vocal quality assessment in patients with ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft palate syndrome, anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, and Rapp-Hodgkin ectodermal dysplasia.
    • Indirect laryngoscopy to examine laryngeal structures in patients with breathy voice.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Spectrographic analysis to evaluate voice parameters such as voicing striations and voice onset time.

    • Main Results:

    • Breathy vocal quality was observed in a significant proportion of patients across different ectodermal dysplasia subtypes.
    • Laryngoscopy revealed absence of normal mucosal covering on vocal folds, but no overt pathological conditions or glottal chinks.
    • Spectrographic findings indicated widely spaced voicing striations and prolonged voice onset times, consistent with breathy phonation.

    Conclusions:

    • Breathy vocal quality is a notable characteristic in some patients with ectodermal dysplasias, likely related to laryngeal mucosal abnormalities.
    • Longitudinal care and guidance on vocal effort are recommended for patients with ectodermal dysplasia presenting with breathy voice.