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Early neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in cerebral cortex

N König, R Marty

    Bibliotheca Anatomica
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Early rat temporal cortex development reveals that neurons form synaptic contacts by fetal day 16. Some early synapses are transient, with CRs losing contacts near birth, while younger neurons form new synapses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Biology
    • Neuroanatomy

    Background:

    • Cortical development involves intricate processes of neurogenesis and synaptogenesis.
    • Understanding the precise timing of neuronal origin and synapse formation is crucial for comprehending brain development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the temporal dynamics of neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in the fetal and postnatal rat temporal cortex.
    • To identify the origin and developmental trajectory of specific neuronal populations, including CRs and layer I neurons.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized thymidine autoradiography to trace the birthdating of cortical neurons.
    • Examined synaptic development through morphological analysis in the rat temporal cortex.

    Main Results:

    • Earliest neurons (CRs) originate between fetal days 12-15; maximal formation of other layer I neurons occurs between fetal days 17-19.
    • Neurons in layer VI begin forming at fetal day 13; synaptic contacts emerge by fetal day 16.
    • Early synapses, particularly on CRs, are transient, with many lost near the end of gestation, while younger neurons establish new connections.

    Conclusions:

    • Cortical synaptogenesis begins early in development and continues throughout the fetal and postnatal periods.
    • The formation and elimination of synapses are dynamic processes, with distinct temporal patterns for different neuronal populations.
    • Neonatal development involves significant synaptic remodeling and the establishment of new connections by younger neurons.

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