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Nitrite-induced volatile mutagens from normal human feces

B G Rao, I A MacDonald, D M Hutchison

    Cancer
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Volatile mutagens, potential carcinogens, form from feces mixed with sodium nitrite. Antioxidants like ascorbate and alpha-tocopherol reduce mutagenicity, suggesting N-nitroso-compounds are involved.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Health
    • Toxicology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Human and animal feces can contain precursors to harmful compounds.
    • Sodium nitrite is a common food additive and environmental contaminant.
    • The formation of mutagens in biological matrices is a public health concern.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the production of volatile mutagens from feces.
    • To determine the optimal conditions for mutagen formation.
    • To explore the role of N-nitroso-compounds in fecal mutagenicity.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of feces with sodium nitrite at 37°C for 48 hours.
    • Detection of mutagens using Ames' Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535.
    • Testing the effects of sodium ascorbate and alpha-tocopherol on mutagenicity.

    Main Results:

    • Volatile mutagens were produced from human and animal feces.
    • Mutagenicity was highest at 0.2–0.6 M sodium nitrite and pH 6.2–6.8.
    • Mutagenicity was reduced by approximately 30% with antioxidants.
    • N-nitroso-compounds were confirmed as mutagenic in this system.

    Conclusions:

    • Fecal incubation with sodium nitrite generates volatile mutagens, likely N-nitroso-compounds.
    • Antioxidants can inhibit this mutagen formation.
    • This process may occur in vivo, highlighting potential health risks.

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