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Administration o gentamicin to obese patients
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Therapy, and Toxicology
|December 1, 1980
Summary
Obese patients show a lower apparent volume of distribution (AVD) for gentamicin compared to normal-weight individuals. This study recommends an adjudged body weight formula for calculating gentamicin dosage in severe obesity cases.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacokinetics
- Obesity Medicine
- Clinical Pharmacology
Background:
- Gentamicin dosing requires careful consideration of body composition.
- Obesity significantly alters drug distribution and elimination.
- Understanding gentamicin pharmacokinetics in obese individuals is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between a single gentamicin dose and serum concentration in obese and normal-weight patients.
- To determine the apparent volume of distribution (AVD) of gentamicin in different weight groups.
- To propose a dosing adjustment for gentamicin in severe obesity.
Main Methods:
- Studied 17 obese patients (82.7% excess weight) and 10 normal-weight controls.
- Administered a single bolus dose of gentamicin.
- Calculated the apparent volume of distribution (AVD) for gentamicin in both groups.
- Determined AVD for adipose tissue and lean body mass.
Main Results:
- Obese patients had a significantly lower AVD (17.7%) compared to normal-weight patients (23.2%).
- AVD for adipose tissue was 10.3% and for lean body mass was 31.0%.
- Gentamicin uptake in adipose tissue represented 43.7% of total body mass uptake in normal-weight patients.
Conclusions:
- Gentamicin distribution is altered in obese individuals, necessitating dose adjustments.
- An adjudged body weight formula is recommended for calculating gentamicin doses in severe obesity.
- Further research may refine gentamicin dosing strategies for diverse patient populations.