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Benign neonatal hemangiomatosis

J K Stern, J E Wolf, M Jarratt

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

|April 1, 1981

Summary

Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis is a severe condition affecting newborns, characterized by widespread hemangiomas and potential organ damage. However, some infants may experience a benign form with spontaneous resolution, termed benign neonatal hemangiomatosis.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric vascular anomalies
Neonatal multisystem syndromes
Dermatology and Hematology

Background:

Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis (DNH) is a rare but serious condition.
It presents as a multisystem syndrome involving skin, organs, and the central nervous system.
Key features include multiple hemangiomas, arteriovenous shunts, heart failure, and bleeding disorders.

Observation:

Some neonates exhibit numerous cutaneous hemangiomas but follow a benign clinical course.
These cases may resolve spontaneously without significant visceral complications.
This distinct presentation is termed benign neonatal hemangiomatosis.

Findings:

DNH involves significant arteriovenous shunting, leading to high-output congestive heart failure.
Thrombocytopenia with hemorrhage is a common and dangerous complication.
Central nervous system involvement can lead to neurological deficits.

Implications:

Distinguishing between severe DNH and benign neonatal hemangiomatosis is crucial for appropriate management.
Early recognition of benign cases can prevent unnecessary aggressive treatments.
Understanding the spectrum of neonatal hemangiomatosis aids in predicting outcomes and guiding therapy.

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