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Related Experiment Videos

The normal cup-disk ratio

E F Carpel, P F Engstrom

    American Journal of Ophthalmology
    |May 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cup-disk ratio, a key glaucoma indicator, generally increases with age. Hruby lens and direct ophthalmoscope methods showed variations, with the Hruby lens yielding higher ratios. Ratios above 0.7 warrant suspicion.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Optometry
    • Glaucoma Research

    Background:

    • The cup-disk ratio is a critical parameter in assessing optic nerve health, particularly for glaucoma diagnosis.
    • Variations in measurement techniques can influence the perceived cup-disk ratio.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine cup-disk ratios in a large cohort across a wide age range.
    • To compare cup-disk ratio measurements obtained using a Hruby lens versus a direct ophthalmoscope.
    • To investigate the relationship between cup-disk ratio and age, refractive error, and intraocular pressure.

    Main Methods:

    • Cup-disk ratios were measured in 580 individuals (ages 4-91) using a Hruby lens.
    • Cup-disk ratios were also measured in 289 individuals using a direct ophthalmoscope.

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  • All participants had applanation pressures of 18 mm Hg or less.

    • Main Results:

    • A tendency for increasing cup-disk ratio with increasing age was observed.
    • Mean cup-disk ratio was 0.38 with the Hruby lens and 0.25 with the direct ophthalmoscope.
    • Almost all eyes had cup-disk ratios of 0.7 or less; 9% had ovoid cups.

    Conclusions:

    • The Hruby lens method consistently yielded slightly larger cup-disk ratios than the direct ophthalmoscope.
    • Cup-disk ratios of 0.7 or more, or significant disparities between measurement methods, should be viewed with suspicion.
    • The Hruby lens is recommended for determining the fullest extent of the optic cup's contour.