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Related Experiment Videos

Possible "atavistic" structures in human aneuploids

M A Aziz

    American Journal of Physical Anthropology
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Aneuploid neonates (trisomy 18 and 13) exhibit unusual supernumerary muscles, some absent in humans but common in primates. These may represent atavistic structures, offering insights into human evolutionary development.

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    Area of Science:

    • Human Anatomy
    • Developmental Biology
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Aneuploidy, such as trisomy 18 and 13, can lead to developmental anomalies.
    • Human anatomy occasionally presents variations, including supernumerary muscles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To document and analyze supernumerary muscles found in neonates with trisomy 18 and 13.
    • To explore the potential evolutionary and developmental origins of these anatomical variations.

    Main Methods:

    • Detailed anatomical dissection of aneuploid neonates.
    • Comparative analysis of identified muscles with primate anatomy.
    • Review of embryological and evolutionary mechanisms.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Identification of several supernumerary muscles (e.g., platysma occipitalis, rhomboidus occipitalis) not typically found in humans.
  • Observation of muscle absence (e.g., palmaris longus) in some specimens.
  • Presence of a linguofacial trunk in one specimen.
  • Noted similarity of these muscles to those regularly found in monkeys and apes.

    • Conclusions:

    • The supernumerary muscles in aneuploid neonates are suggested to be atavistic structures.
    • These findings provide insights into primate muscle homologies and developmental pathways.
    • Mechanisms for the development of these muscles in human aneuploids are proposed.