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Manic-depressive illness among poor urban blacks

B E Jones, B A Gray, E B Parson

The American Journal of Psychiatry

|May 1, 1981

Summary

Manic-depressive illness is less common in Black individuals and lower socioeconomic groups, according to past research. This study found 15% of Black psychiatric patients had manic-depressive illness, challenging previous assumptions.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatric Epidemiology
Clinical Psychology
Sociology of Mental Health

Background:

Prevailing psychiatric epidemiology suggests manic-depressive illness is rare in Black populations and lower socioeconomic strata.
This perception may stem from historical underdiagnosis or biased data collection.
Understanding prevalence across diverse demographics is crucial for equitable mental healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the actual frequency of manic-depressive illness (now known as bipolar disorder) among lower-income urban Black individuals.
To challenge the long-held assumption of its rarity in this demographic.
To provide data for refining diagnostic practices and epidemiological models.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of medical records from a random sample of 117 Black psychiatric patients.
Inclusion criteria: admission to an acute psychiatric inpatient unit in an urban hospital.
Data collected: diagnosis of manic-depressive illness and socioeconomic characteristics.

Main Results:

Eighteen subjects (15%) were diagnosed with manic-depressive illness.
This prevalence rate is higher than previously suggested by epidemiological studies.
The findings indicate a significant presence of the disorder within this specific population.

Conclusions:

The study challenges the established belief that manic-depressive illness is rare among Black individuals and lower socioeconomic groups.
The identified prevalence suggests potential underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis in previous research.
Further investigation is warranted to explore contributing factors and implications for psychiatric care and research.

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