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Complement consumption in eggwhite and fish sensitivity

L Berrens, A G van Dijk, C M Weemaes

    Clinical Allergy
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    High levels of thermostable IgG antibodies can trigger complement fixation in certain allergies, independent of IgE. This finding is relevant for understanding immune responses in food allergies like eggwhite and fish allergies.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Allergy Research
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Food allergies, such as eggwhite and fish allergies, involve complex immune mechanisms.
    • Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is typically associated with allergic reactions, but other antibody classes may play a role.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe cases of eggwhite and fish allergy with unusual complement fixation patterns.
    • To investigate the role of thermostable IgG-class antibodies in complement fixation.

    Main Methods:

    • Case study analysis of patients with eggwhite and fish allergies.
    • Complement fixation tests performed at high antigen dilutions.
    • Immunoglobulin class determination (IgG, IgE) and antibody characterization (precipitating).

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    Main Results:

    • Complement fixation was observed with thermostable IgG-class antibodies at very high antigen dilutions in both cases.
    • The antibody in the eggwhite allergy case was identified as precipitating.
    • The complement fixation phenomenon was independent of the presence or absence of IgE antibodies.

    Conclusions:

    • Thermostable IgG antibodies can mediate complement fixation in specific allergic conditions.
    • This mechanism may contribute to allergic reactions even in the absence of IgE.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the clinical significance of IgG-mediated complement fixation in food allergies.